Authors:
Jouma Ali Al-Mohamad, Yang Hao, Chen Jun, Li Wei, Sato Misaki, Thanwamas Phasinam
Addresses:
Department of Computer and Mobile Communication Engineering, Faculty of Information Engineering, Al-Shahbaa Private University, Aleppo, Syria. Department of Engineering, Dragon Peak Electronics, Sichuan, China. Department of Engineering, Shanghai Tech Solutions, Shanghai, China. Department of Engineering, Sinotech Industries, Guangdong, China. Department of Engineering, Sakura Tech Industries, Osaka, Japan. Faculty of Engineering, Agricultural Land Reform Office, Bangkok, Thailand.
Abstract:
After a decade of conflict, Syria's electricity sector has suffered $40 billion in direct losses and $80 billion in indirect losses, leaving more than 50% of the electrical grid incapacitated and public electricity supply limited to 2–4 hours per day. This paper provides a techno-economic assessment of Syria's renewable energy potential in three geographical contexts: utility-scale solar photovoltaic development in the Palmyra desert, wind energy deployment near Homs, and Euphrates River hydropower generation. Syria has abundant renewable energy resources, including solar irradiation exceeding 5.5 kWh/m²/day in Palmyra, wind potential of 80,000 MW nationwide with promising conditions west and east of Homs, and hydroelectric infrastructure with 880 MW installed capacity at the Euphrates Dam. Solar PV systems have LCOE values of $0.094–0.125/kWh in inland governorates, significantly lower than diesel generator expenses, which are the main energy source for households and businesses. A 40–50 MW wind farm near Homs, which will generate 150 million kWh per year, offers comparable economic benefits. Hydropower has the lowest marginal operating costs, but drought and transboundary water management issues limit it. The paper recommends incorporating these renewable resources into Syria's post-conflict reconstruction framework, emphasizing their strategic importance for energy security, economic diversification, and sustainable development.
Keywords: Renewable Energy; Solar PV; Wind Power; Euphrates Dam; Levelized Cost of Electricity; Post-Conflict Reconstruction; Energy Security; Global Horizontal Irradiance.
Received on: 26/03/2025, Revised on: 15/06/2025, Accepted on: 28/08/2025, Published on: 07/06/2026
DOI: 10.64091/ATIEL.2026.000321
AVE Trends in Intelligent Energy Letters, 2026 Vol. 2 No. 1 , Pages: 1-13